Test
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(TCO 1) What is the name of the medical imaging
system that uses an emission signal from a human body to create the image of
the organ?
(TCO 1) The spatial frequency along the x-axis of a
pixel dimension (expressed in mm) is
(TCO 1) The Beer-Lambert law is most important in
radiology and is expressed by I=I0e-μx. What is
the unit of exponent μxin this equation?
(TCO 2) All of the following affect the shape of
the X-ray spectrum except
(TCO 2) The main difference between bremsstrahlung
B X-rays and characteristic C X-rays is
(TCO 2) Which of the following affect the shape of
the X-ray spectrum?
(TCO 3) Here is a
grid with the following four CT data sets. What are the final μ values in the 2
x 2 matrix using the unfiltered back projection method? Reconstruct the
original grid of coefficients, μ(x,y), and show your work.
(TCO 3) A third-generation CT scanner has which of
the following features?
(TCO 3) The pictorial representation of the Radon
transform off(x,y)is known as
(TCO 4) The figure below shows an
interface between two media (a and b) with impedance values of Z1 = 1.38x106kg/m2-s (fat) and Z2 = 1.70x106
kg/m2-s (muscle)
and velocity values,n1 = 1450 m/s andn2 = 1581 m/s, respectively.
(TCO 4) Which of the following is the minimum
frequency of acoustic signal used in medical ultrasound imaging?
(TCO 4) What thickness of PZT crystal should be
used if we want to create a US transceiver to operate at 2 MHz with a
characteristic speed of sound, CT= 4000
m/s?
(TCO 5) In the figure below, which
part of the MRI machine creates a unique Larmor frequency for each voxel?
(TCO 5) For a gradient coil, a 50 mT/m gradient can
be expressed as frequency of
(TCO 5) Calculate the local Larmor frequency of H-1
for a z-slice in an MRI machine at a z-coordinate of 15 cm, given that the
B(z) is 1000 gauss and the B0= 3.000 T.
(TCO 6) Radiation used in standard nuclear medicine
is
(TCO 7) How thick does a surgeon’s lead apron need
to be to block a typical X-ray radiation by at least 98% if the μ of lead is
0.75 mm-1?
(TCO 2) What is the function of the collimator on
an X-ray machine and what is it usually made of?
(TCO 4) Explain how ultrasound bends at an
interface between tissue mediums.
(TCO 5) Assuming that an MRI uses a 2 T permanent
magnet, what is the local magnetic field B(z) at a distance of -2 cm if the
gradient field applied on the z-axis is 30 mT/cm?
(TCO 1) Summarize the four physical signals that
give rise to the major imaging modalities: radiography, nuclear medicine,
ultrasound, and magnetic resonance imaging.
(TCO 2) A photon with an energy of 98.9 keV excites
and dislodges a tungsten K-shell electron, which then dislodges an L-shell
electron. Calculate the released L-shell electron energy in [keV]. (Note:
K-shell binding energy is 67.5 keV and the L-shell binding energy is 11 keV
for Tungsten.)
(TCO 4) Assuming the US wave incident angle, θi = 0o, what is
the transmission percent, transmission angle, θt, and reflection percent if
Z1 = 1.50 and Z2 = 1.35. Also, c1 = 1000 m/s and c2 = 1050 m/s. Show your
process of calculations.
(TCO 3) Given a grid with the
following four CT data sets, what are the final ì values in the 2 X 2 matrix
using the unfiltered back projection method? Reconstruct the original grid of
coefficients, ì(x,y), and match with the following.
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(TCO 1) What is the name of the medical imaging
system that uses an emission signal from a human body to create the image of
the organ?
(TCO 1) The spatial frequency along the x-axis of a
pixel dimension (expressed in mm) is
(TCO 1) The Beer-Lambert law is most important in
radiology and is expressed by I=I0e-μx. What is
the unit of exponent μxin this equation?
(TCO 2) All of the following affect the shape of
the X-ray spectrum except
(TCO 2) The main difference between bremsstrahlung
B X-rays and characteristic C X-rays is
(TCO 2) Which of the following affect the shape of
the X-ray spectrum?
(TCO 3) A third-generation CT scanner has which of
the following features?
(TCO 3) The pictorial representation of the Radon
transform off(x,y)is known as
kg/m2-s (muscle) and velocity values,n1 = 1450 m/s andn2 = 1581 m/s, respectively.
(TCO 4) Which of the following is the minimum
frequency of acoustic signal used in medical ultrasound imaging?
(TCO 4) What thickness of PZT crystal should be
used if we want to create a US transceiver to operate at 2 MHz with a
characteristic speed of sound, CT= 4000
m/s?
(TCO 5) For a gradient coil, a 50 mT/m gradient can
be expressed as frequency of
(TCO 5) Calculate the local Larmor frequency of H-1
for a z-slice in an MRI machine at a z-coordinate of 15 cm, given that the
B(z) is 1000 gauss and the B0= 3.000 T.
(TCO 6) Radiation used in standard nuclear medicine
is
(TCO 7) How thick does a surgeon’s lead apron need
to be to block a typical X-ray radiation by at least 98% if the μ of lead is
0.75 mm-1?
(TCO 2) What is the function of the collimator on
an X-ray machine and what is it usually made of?
(TCO 4) Explain how ultrasound bends at an
interface between tissue mediums.
(TCO 5) Assuming that an MRI uses a 2 T permanent
magnet, what is the local magnetic field B(z) at a distance of -2 cm if the
gradient field applied on the z-axis is 30 mT/cm?
(TCO 1) Summarize the four physical signals that
give rise to the major imaging modalities: radiography, nuclear medicine,
ultrasound, and magnetic resonance imaging.
(TCO 2) A photon with an energy of 98.9 keV excites
and dislodges a tungsten K-shell electron, which then dislodges an L-shell
electron. Calculate the released L-shell electron energy in [keV]. (Note:
K-shell binding energy is 67.5 keV and the L-shell binding energy is 11 keV
for Tungsten.)
(TCO 4) Assuming the US wave incident angle, θi = 0o, what is
the transmission percent, transmission angle, θt, and reflection percent if
Z1 = 1.50 and Z2 = 1.35. Also, c1 = 1000 m/s and c2 = 1050 m/s. Show your
process of calculations.
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